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Michael Louis Shuler

Professor

Primary Research Areas

  • biomolecular engineering
  • drug delivery, design, production, and metabolism
  • systems biology

Graduate Fields

Research Focus

The research conducted by Michael Shuler focuses on applying chemical reaction engineering principles to biological systems. As part of this work his research group has developed a new approach to model individual cells mathematically.

These models have proven to be important conceptual tools used to test hypotheses about cellular mechanisms and the interaction of viruses and cells. One model of a "minimal cell" is being used to relate genomic instructions to cell physiology.

Another project combines mathematical models of subcellular and cellular mechanisms with whole-animal models as a means to relate the rapidly increasing insight into molecular toxicology and pharmacology with animal physiology. The organs of mathematical models are compared with physical models that use living cells to mimic organs such as the liver and lung.

Dr. Shuler also is investigating targeted drug delivery to multidrug-resistant cancer cells.

Educational Background

  • Ph.D., University of Minnesota, 1973
  • B.S., University of Notre Dame, 1969

Research Grants

  • HUMAN CELL CULTURE ANALOG SENSOR FOR TESTING WATER
  • DEVELOPMENT OF AN INTEGRATED ON-CHIP BIOPROCESSING SYSTEM FOR AUTOMATIC, HIGH THROUGHPUT BIOPROCESS DEVELOPMENT
  • A MULTISCALE APPROACH TO BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING

Selected Publications

PubMed Listings
  • Oh, Taek-il, J.H. Sung, D.A. Tatosian, M.L. Shuler, and D. Kim. 2007. Real-Time Fluorescence Detection of Multiple Microscale Cell Culture Analog Devices in Situ. Cytometry Part A 71A:857-865.
  • Becerra-Arteaga, A and M.L. Shuler. 2007. Influence of Culture Medium Supplementation of Tobacco NT1 Cell Suspension Cultures on the N-glycosylation of Human Secreted Alkaline Phosphatase. Biotechnology and Bioengineering 97(6):1585.
  • Cheng, S-Y., S. Heilman, M. Wasserman, S. Archer, M.L. Shuler, and M. Wu. 2007. A hydrogel-based microfluidic divice for the studies of directed cell migration. Lab Chip 7:763-769.
  • Nikolaev, E.V., J.C. Atlas, and M.L. Shuler. 2007. Sensitivity and control analysis of periodically forced reaction networks using the Green’s function method. Journal of Theoretical Biology 247:442-461.
  • Lee, S.J., H.S. Kim, S.J. Kim, S. Park, B.J. .Kim, M.L. Shuler, and E.Y. Lee. 2007. Cloning, expression, and enantioselective hydrolytic catalysis of a microsomal epoxide hydrolase from a marine fish, Mugil cephalus. Biotechnol. Lett. 29:237-246.
  • Castellanos, M., K. Keiichiro, S.K. Lai, and M.L. Shuler. 2007. A Genomically/Chemically Complete Module for Synthesis of Lipid Membrane in a Minimal Cell. Biotechnology and Bioengineering 97(2):397.
  • Diao, J., L. Young, S. Kim, E.A. Fogarty, S.M. Heilman, P. Zhou, M.L. Shuler, M. Wu, and M.P. DeLisa. 2006. A three-channel microfluidic device for generating static linear gradients and its application to the quantitative analysis of bacterial chemotaxis. Lab Chip 6:381-388.
  • Pla, I.A., L.M. Damasceno, T. Vannelli, G. Ritter, C.A. Batt, and M.L. Shuler. 2006. Evaluation of Mut+ and MutS Pichia pastoris Phenotypes for High Level Extracellular scFv Expression under Feedback Control of the Methanol Concentration. Biotechnol. Prog. 22:881-888.
  • Zeiner, C.A., L.W. Lion, M.L. Shuler, W.C. Ghiorse, and A. Hay. 2006. Cycling of Biogenic Mn-Oxides in a Model Microbial Predator-Prey System. Geomicrobiology Journal 23:37-43.
  • Yoon, K.H., M.L. Shuler, and S.J. Kim. 2006. Design Optimization of Nano-Grating Surfae Plamon Resonance Sensors. Optics Express 14(11):4842-4849.
  • Baac, Hyoungwon, J.P. Hajos, J. Lee, D. Kim, S.J. Kim, and M.L. Shuler. 2006. Antibody-Based Surface Plasmon Resonance Detection of Intact Viral Pathogen. Biotechnology and Bioengineering 94(4):815-819.
  • Kim, B.J., D.M. Gibson, and M.L. Shuler. 2006. Effect of the Plant Peptide Regulator, Phytosulfokine-a, on the Growth and Taxol Production from Taxus sp. Suspension Cultures. Biotechnology and Bioengineering 95(1):8-14.
  • Nikolaev, E.V., J.C. Atlas, and M.L. Shuler. 2006. Computer Models of Bacterial Cells: from Generalized Coarse-Grained to Genome-Specific Modular Models. Journal of Physics: Conference Series 46:322-326.
  • Becerra-Arteaga, A., H.S. Mason, and M.L. Shuler. 2006. Production, Secretion, and Stability of Human Secreted Alkaline Phosphatase in Tobacco NT1 Cell Suspension cultures. Biotechnol. Prog. 2006, 22, 1643-1649.
  • Patton, L.E., M.L. Shuler, and L.W. Lion. 2005. Behavior of Lead in a Model Microbial Predator-Prey System. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 24(11):2734-2741.
  • Tatosian, D.A., M.L. Shuler, and D. Kim. 2005. Portable in situ fluorescence cytometry of microscale cell-based assays. Optics Letters 30(13):1689
  • Lee-Parsons, C.W.T. and M.L. Shuler. 2005. Sparge gas composition affects biomass and ajmalicine production from immobilized cell cultures of Catharanthus roseus. Enz. Microb. Technol. 37:424-434.
  • Hu, Z., G. Hidalgo, P.L. Houston, A.G. Hay, M.L. Shuler, H.D. Abruna, W.C. Ghiorse, and L.W. Lion. 2005. Determination of Spatial Distributions of Zinc and Active Biomass in Microbial Biofilms by Two-Photon Laser Scanning Microscopy. Applied & Environmental Microbiol. 71(7):4014-4021.
  • Kim, B-J., D.M. Gibson, and M.L. Shuler. 2005. Relationship of Viability and Apoptosis to Taxol Production in Taxus sp. Suspension Cultures Elicited with Methyl Jasmonate. Biotechnol. Prog. 21:700-707.
  • Ma, S.H., L.A. Lepak, R.J. Hussain, W. Shain, and M.L. Shuler. 2005. An endothelial and astrocyte co-culture model of the blood-brain barrier utilizing an ultra-thin, nanofabricated silicon nitride membrane. Lab on a Chip 5:74-85.
  • Kim, D., H. Xu, S.J. Kim, and M.L. Shuler. 2004. Investigation of Doxorubicin for Multi-Drug Resistance Using a Fluorescent Cytometric Imaging system Integrated onto Cell Culture Analogue Devices". Proceedings of SPIE, Vol. 5325: Optical Diagnostics and Sensing IV, pp. 122-127, June.
  • Kim, D. and M.L. Shuler. 2004. Design and Development of Grating Coupled Optical Biosensor to Detect Animal Pathogen. Proceedings of SPIE, Vol. 5321B: Biohazard Detection Technologies, pp. 309-314, June.
  • Joosten, C.E., L.S. Cohen, G. Ritter, C.A. Batt, and M.L. Shuler. 2004. Glycosylation Profiles of the Human Colorectal Cancer A33 Antigen Naturally Expressed in the Human Colorectal Cancer Cell Line SW1222 and Expressed as Recombinant Protein in Different Insect Cell Lines. Biotechnology Progress 20:1273-1279.
  • Browning, S.T., M. Castellanos, and M.L. Shuler. 2004. Robust Control of Initiation of Prokaryotic Chromosome Replication: Essential Considerations for a Minimal Cell. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 88(5):575-584.
  • Jensen-Spaulding, A., K. Cabral, M.L. Shuler, and L.W. Lion. 2004. Predicting the rate and extent of cadmium and copper desorption from soils in the presence of bacterial extracellular polymer. Wat. Res. 38:2231-2240.
  • Jensen-Spaulding, A., M.L. Shuler, and L.W. Lion. 2004. Mobilization of adsorbed copper and lead from naturally aged soil by bacterial extracellular polymers. Wat. Res. 38:1121-1128.
  • Castellanos, M., D.B. Wilson, and M.L. Shuler. 2004. A Modular Minimal Cell Model: Purine and Pyramidine Transport and Metabolism. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (USA). 101(17):6681-6686.
  • Patton, L.E., M.L. Shuler, and L.W. Lion. 2004. Development of a Model Microbial Predator-Prey System Suitable for Studies of the Behavior of Toxic Trace Metals. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 23(2):292-297.
  • Viravaidya, K., E. Jan, and M.L. Shuler. 2004. Lipid-Gel and PDMS Film to Mimic Bioaccumulation in the Adipocytes. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 86(6):643-649.
  • Sin, A., C.F. Reardon, and M.L. Shuler. 2004. A Self-Priming Microfluidic Diaphragm Pump Capable of Recirculation Fabricated by Combined Soft Lithography and Traditional Machining. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 85(3):359-363.
  • Viravaidya, K. and M.L. Shuler. 2004. Incorporation of 3T3-L1 Cells to Mimic Bioaccumulation in a Microscale Cell Culture Analog Device for Toxicity Studies. Biotechnol. Prog. 20:590-597.
  • Viravaidya, K., A. Sin, and M.L. Shuler. 2004. Development of a Microscale Cell Culture Analog to Probe Naphthalene Toxicity. Biotechnol. Prog. 20:316-323.
  • Sin, A., K.C. Chin, M.F. Jamil, Y. Kostov, G. Rao, and M.L. Shuler. 2004. The Design and Fabrication of Three-Chamber Microscale Cell Culture Analog Devices with Integrated Dissolved Oxygen Sensors. Biotechnol. Prog. 20:338-345.
  • Kim, B.J., D.M. Gibson, and M.L. Shuler. 2004. Effect of Subculture and Elicitation on Instability of Taxol Production in Taxus sp. Suspension Cultures. Biotechnol. Prog. 20:1666-1673.
  • Smith, M.L., L. Richter, C.J. Arntzen, M.L. Shuler, H.S. Mason. 2003. Structural characterization of plant-derived hepatitis B surface antigen employed in oral immunization studies. Vaccine 21:4011-4021.
  • Joosten, C.E., T.H. Park, and M.L. Shuler. 2003. Effect of Silkworm Hemolymph and N-Linked Glycosylation in Two Trichoplusia ni Insect Cell Lines. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 83(6):695-705.
  • Joosten, C.E. and M.L. Shuler. 2003. Effect of Culture Conditions on the Degree of Sialylation of a Recombinant Glycoprotein Expressed in Insect Cells. Biotechnol. Prog. 19:739-749.
  • Harris, S.G. and M.L. Shuler. 2003. Growth of Endothelial Cells on Microfabricated Silicon Nitride Membranes for an In Vitro Model of the Blood-Brain Barrier. Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering 8:246-251.
  • Park, T-H. and M.L. Shuler. 2003. Integration of Cell Culture and Microfabrication Technology. Biotechnol. Prog. 19:243-253.
  • Joosten, C.E. and M.L. Shuler. 2003. Production of a Sialylated N-Linked Glycoprotein in Insect Cells: Role of Glycosidases and Effect of Harvest Time on Glycosylation. Biotechnol. Prog. 19:193-201.
  • Palomares, L.A., C.E. Joosten, P.R. Hughes, R.R. Granados, and M.L. Shuler. 2003. Novel Insect Cell Line Capable of Complex N-Glycosylation and Sialylation of Recombinant Proteins. Biotechnol. Prog. 19:185-192.
  • Roberts, S.C., M. Naill, D.M. Gibson, and M.L. Shuler. 2003. A simple method for enhancing paclitaxel release from Taxus canadensis cell suspension cultures utilizing cell wall digesting enzymes. Plant Cell Reports 21(12):1217-1220.
  • Nelson, Y.M., L.W. Lion, M.L. Shuler, and W.C. Ghiorse. 2002. Effect of Oxide Formation Mechanisms on Lead Adsorption by Biogenic Manganese (Hydr)oxides, Iron (Hydr)oxides, and Their Mixtures. Environmental Science & Technology 36(3):421-425.
  • Zhang, J., L.W. Lion, Y.M. Nelson, M.L. Shuler, and W.C. Ghiorse. 2002. Kinetics of Mn(II) oxidation by Leptothrix discophora SS1. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 65(5):77-781.
  • Viravaidya, K. and M.L. Shuler. 2002. Prediction of Naphthalene Bioaccumulation Using an Adipocyte Cell Line Model. Biotechnol. Prog. 18(2):174-181.
  • Viravaidya, K. and M.L. Shuler. 2002. The Effect of Various Substrates on Cell Attchment and Differentiation of 3T3-F442A Preadipocytes. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 78(4):454-458.
  • Smith, M.L., M.E. Keegan, H.S. Mason, and M.L. Shuler. 2002. Factors Important in the Extraction, Stability and in Vitro Assembly of the Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Derived from Recombinant Plant Systems. Biotechnol. Prog. 18:538-550.
  • Lee-Parsons, Carolyn W.T. and M.L. Shuler. 2002. The Effect of Ajmalicine Spiking and Resin Addition Timing on the Production of Indole Alkaloids from Catharanthus roseus Cell Cultures. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 79(4):408-415
  • Brincat, M.C., D.M. Gibson, and M.L. Shuler. 2002. Alterations in Taxol? production in plant cell culture via manipulation of the phenylalanine ammonia lyase pathway. Biotechnol. Progress 18:1149-1156.
  • Smith, M.L., H.S. Mason, and M.L. Shuler. 2002. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HbsAg) expression in plant cell culture; the kinetics of antigen accumulation in batch culture and its intracellular form. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 80(7):812-822.
  • Kim, E., I. Ahn, L.W. Lion, and M.L. Shuler. 2001. Enhanced In-situ Mobilization and Biodegradation of Phenanthrene from Soil by a Solvent/Surfactant System. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 11(4):716.
  • Joshi, L., M.L. Shuler, and H.A. Wood. 2001. Production of a Sialylated N-Linked Glycoprotein in Insect Cells. Biotechnol. Prog. 17:822-827.
  • Liu, A., I-S. Ahn, C. Mansfield, L.W. Lion, M.L. Shuler, and W.C. Ghiorse. 2001. Phenanthrene desorption from soil in the presence of bacterial extracellular polymer: Observations and model predictions of dynamic behavior. Wat. Res. 35(3):835-843.
  • Browning, S.T. and M.L. Shuler. 2001. Towards the Development of a Minimal Cell Model by Generalization of a Model of Escherichia coli: Use of Dimensionless Rate Parameters. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 76(3):187-192.
  • Wilson, A.R., L.W. Lion, Y.M. Nelson, M.L. Shuler, and W.C. Ghiorse. 2001. The Effects of pH and Surface Composition on Pb Adsorption to Natural Freshwater Biofilms. Environ. Sci. Technol. 35:3182-3189.
  • Taticek, R.A., C. Choi, S-E. Phan, L.A. Palomares, and M.L. Shuler. 2001. Comparison of Growth and Recombinant Protein Expression in Two Different Insect Cell Lines in Attached and Suspension Culture. Biotechnol. Prog. 17:676-684.
  • Dong, D., Y.M. Nelson, L.W. Lion, M.L. Shuler, and W.C. Ghiorse. 2000. Adsorption of Pb and Cd onto Metal Oxides and Organic Material in Natural Surface Coatings as Determined by Selective Extractions: New Evidence for the Importance of Mn and Fe Oxides. Wat. Res. 34(2):427-436.
  • Lee, C.W.T. and M.L. Shuler. 2000. The Effect of Inoculum Density and Conditioned Medium on the Production of Ajmalicine and Catharanthine from Immobilized Catharanthus roseus Cells. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 67(1):61-71.
  • Ghanem, A. and M.L. Shuler. 2000. Combining Cell Culture Analogue Reactor Designs and PBPK Models to Probe Mechanisms of Naphthalene Toxicity. Biotechnology Progress 16(3):33-345.
  • Dogan, B., H.S. Mason, L. Richter, J.B. Hunter, and M.L. Shuler. 2000. Process Options in Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Extraction from Transgenic Potato. Biotechnol. Prog. 16(3):435-441.
  • Ghanem, A. and M.L. Shuler. 2000. Characterization of a Perfusion Reactor Utilizing Mammalian Cells on Microcarrier Beads. Biotechnol. Prog. 16(3):471-479.
  • Liu, A., I.-S. Ahn, L.W. Lion, M.L. Shuler, and W.C. Ghiorse. 2001. Kinetics of Phenanthrene Desorption from Soil in the Presence of Bacterial Extracellular Polymers. Water Resources Research 66:65-75.
  • Joshi, L., T.R. Davis, T.S. Mattu, P.M. Radd, R.A. Dwek, M.L. Shuler, and H.A. Wood. 2000. Influence of baculovirus-host cell interactions on complex N-linked glycosylation of a recombinant human protein. Biotechnol. Prog. 16:650-656.
  • Ciddi, V. and M.L. Shuler. 2000. Camptothecine from callus cultures of Nothapodytes foetida. Biotechnol. Lett. 22:129-132.
  • Ju-Young Kim, Claude Cohen, Michael L. Shuler, and Leonard W. Lion. 2000. The Use of Amphiphilic Polymer Particles for in situ Extraction of Sorbed Phenanthrene from a Contaminated Aquifer Material. Environ. Sci. Technol. 34:4133-4139.
  • Donaldson, M., H.A. Wood, P.C. Kulakosky, and M.L. Shuler. 1999. Use of Mannosamine for Inducing the Addition of Outer Arm N-Acetylglucosamine onto N-Linked Oligosaccharides of Recombinant Proteins in Insect Cells. Biotechnol. Prog. 15:168-173.
  • Nelson, Y.M., L.W. Lion, M.L. Shuler, and W.C. Ghiorse. 1999. Lead binding to metal oxide and organic phases of natural aquatic biofilms. Limnol. Oceanogr. 44(7):1715-1729.
  • Ketchum, R.E.B., M. Tandon, T. Begley, R. Croteau, D.M. Gibson., and M.L. Shuler. 1999. Isolation of labeled 9-dihydrobaccatin III and related taxoids from cell cultures of Taxus canadensis elicited with methyl jasmonate. J. Nat. Prod. 62:1395-1398.
  • Ahn, I-S., L.W. Lion, and M.L. Shuler. 1999. Validation of a Hybrid "Two-Site Gamma" Model for Naphthalene Desorption Kinetics. Environ. Sci. Technol. 33:3241-3248.
  • Shuler, M.L. 1999. Single-Cell Models: Promise and Limitations. Short Communication. Journal of Biotechnology 71:225-228.
  • Donaldson, M.S. and M.L. Shuler. 1999. The Use of Lectins to Select Subpopulations of Insect Cells. Communication to the Editor. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 64(5):616-619.
  • Shuler, M.L. 1999. Functional Genomics: An Opportunity for Bioengineers. Editorial. Biotechnol. Prog. 15:287.
  • Donaldson, M., H.A. Wood, P.C. Kulakowsky, and M.L. Shuler. 1999. Glycosylation of a Recombinant Protein in the Tn5B1-4 Insect Cell Line: Influence of Ammonia, Time of Harvest, Temperature, and Dissolved Oxygen. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 63(3):255-262.
  • Quick, D.J. and M.L. Shuler. 1999. Use of in vitro data for construction of a physiologically based pharmaceokinetic model for naphthalene in rats and mice to probe species differences. Biotechnol. Prog. 15:540-555.
  • Ahn, I-S., W.C. Ghiorse, L.W. Lion, and M.L. Shuler. 1999. Independent prediction of napthalene transport and biodegradation in soil with a mathematical model. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 65(1):65-75.
  • Ketchum, R.E.B., D.M. Gibson, R.B. Croteau, and M.L. Shuler. 1999. The kinetics of taxoid accumulation in cell suspension cultures of Taxus following elicitation with methyl jasmonate. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 62(1):97-105.
  • Nelson, Y.M., L.W. Lion, W.C. Ghiorse, and M.L. Shuler. 1999. Production of biogenic Mn oxides by Leptothrix discophora SS-1 in a chemically defined growth medium and evaluation of their Pb adsorption characteristics. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 65(1):175-180.
  • Donaldson, M.S. and M.L. Shuler. 1998. Effects of long-term passaging of BTI-Tn5B1-4 insect cells on growth and recombinant protein production. Biotechnol. Prog. 14:543-547.
  • Kulakosky, P.C., M.L. Shuler, and H.A. Wood. 1998. N-Glycosylation of a baculovirus-expressed recombinant glycoprotein in three insect cell lines. In Vitro Cell Dev. Biol.-Animal 34:101-108.
  • Chen, S., E-K. Kim, M.L. Shuler, and D.B. Wilson. 1998. Hg2+ removal by genetically engineered Escherichia coli in a hollow fiber bioreactor. Biotechnol. Prog. 14:667-671.
  • Mufti, N.A. and M.L. Shuler. 1998. Different In vitro systems affect CYPIA1 activity in response to 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. Toxicology in Vitro 12:259-272.
  • Ahn, I-S., W.C. Ghiorse, L.W. Lion, and M.L. Shuler. 1998. Growth kinetics of Pseudomonas putida G7 on naphthalene and occurrence of naphthalene toxicity during nutrient deprivation. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 59(5):587-594.
  • Donaldson, M.S. and M.L. Shuler. 1998. Low-cost serum-free medium for the BTI-Tn5B1-4 insect cell line. Biotechnol. Prog. 14:573-579.
  • McKenna, K.A., M.L. Shuler, and R.R. Granados. 1997. Increased virus production in suspension culture by a Trichoplusia ni cell line in serum-free media. Biotechnol. Prog. 13:805-809.
  • Dee, K.U. and M.L. Shuler. 1997. Optimization of an Assay for Baculovirus Titer and Design of Regimens for the Synchronous Infection of Insect Cells. Biotechnol. Prog. 13:14-24.
  • Dee, K.U. and M.L. Shuler. 1997. A mathematical model of the trafficking of acid-dependent enveloped viruses: application to the binding, uptake, and nuclear accumulation of baculovirus. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 54(5):468-490.
  • Srinivasan, V., S.C. Roberts, and M.L. Shuler. 1997. Combined use of six-well polystyrene plates and thin layer chromatography for rapid development of optimal plant cell culture processes: Application to taxane production by Taxus sp. Plant Cell Rep. 16:600-604.
  • Taticek, R.A., K.A. McKenna, R.R. Granados, and M.L. Shuler. 1997. Rapid initiation of suspension cultures of Trichoplusia ni insect cells (TN 5B1-4) using heparin. Biotechnol. Tech.. 11(4):237-240.
  • Czajka, D.R., L.W. Lion, M.L. Shuler, and W.C. Ghiorse. 1997. Evaluation of the utility of bacterial extracellular polymers for treatment of metal-contaminated soils: Polymer persistence, mobility, and the influence of lead. Wat. Res. 31(11):2827-2839.
  • Dee, K.U., Shuler, M.L. and Wood, H.A. 1997. Inducing single-cell suspension of BTI-TN5B1-4 insect cells: I. The use of sulfated polyanions to prevent cell aggregation and enhance recombinant protein production. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 54(3):191-205.
  • Taticek, R.A. and M.L. Shuler. 1997. Effect of elevated oxygen and glutamine levels on foreign protein production at high cell densities using the insect cell-baculovirus expression system. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 54:142-152.
  • Dee, K.U., Wood, H.A. and Shuler, M.L. 1997. Inducing single-cell suspension of BTI-TN5B1-4 insect cells: II. The effect of sulfated polyanions on baculovirus infection. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 54(3):206-220.
  • Roberts, S.C. and M.L. Shuler. 1997. Large Scale Plant Cell Culture. Current Opin. Biotechnol. 8(2):154-159.
  • Lo, W., Y.M. Nelson, L.W. Lion, M.L. Shuler, and W.C. Ghiorse. 1996. Determination of iron colloid size distribution in the presence of suspended cells: Application to iron deposition onto a biofilm surface. Wat. Res. 30(10):2413-2423.
  • Srinivasan, V., V. Ciddi, V. Bringi, and M.L. Shuler. 1996. Metabolic inhibitors, elicitors, and precursors as tools for probing yield limitations in taxane production by Taxus sp. cell cultures. Biotechnol. Prog. 12:457-465.
  • Ahn, I-S., L.W. Lion, and M.L. Shuler. 1996. Microscale-based modeling of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon transport and biodegradation in soil. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 51:1-14.
  • Nelson, Y.M., L.W. Lion, M.L. Shuler, and W.C. Ghiorse. 1996. Modeling oligotrophic biofilm formation and lead adsorption to biofilm components. Environ. Sci. & Technol. 30(6):2027-2035.
  • Mufti, N.A. and M.L. Shuler. 1996. Possible Role of Arachidonic Acid in Stress-Induced Cytochrome P450IA1 Activity. Biotechnol. Prog. 12(6):847-854.